Policy guidelines on national iodine deficiency disorders control programme, idd and nutrition cell, directorate general of health services, ministry of health and family welfare, goi, new delhi, 1998. A unique feature of the management of iodinedeficiency disorder programmes in africa was the formation by iccidd of the african idd control task force in 1987 and the promotion of multisectoral national councils for the control of iodinedeficiency disorders nccidds, which have greatly facilitated interagency collaboration and in many. The integrated programme elements in a national idd elimination. Current status of iodine deficiency disorders idd and strategy for its control in india sheila c. Elimination of iodine deficiency disorders press centre. In august, 1992 the national goitre control programme ngcp was renamed as national iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp with the inclusion of wide spectrum of iodine deficiency disordersidd. In addition, manual search of literature was also performed in the institute library to collect relevant information. To target achieving usi in india, the national iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp was launched in 1992, reflecting the governments commitment to eliminating the whole. Iodine deficiency is one of the four major deficiency diseases in the world, yet it is the easiest to control. In countries where iodized salt consumption is low, such as china, children are at risk of iodine deficiency disorders idds like goiter. Niddcp stands for national iodine deficiency disorders control program india. The programme focusses on the promotion of iodised salt consumption to eliminate idds which are prevalent in ghana. Eliminating iodine deficiency in china english the.
This chapter provides a global overview of the disorders caused by iodine deficiency. Iodine deficiency disorders idd represent a global. It is considered as the worlds single most significant cause of preventable brain damage and mental retardation today. National iodine deficiency disorders control programme is implemented from the year 1991. National iodine deficiency disorders control program 100% centrally sponsored programme, launched in 1992. The prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders. National iodine deficiency disorders control programme dghs,maintenance of information data bank and communication system to deal with emergencies. Pdf national iodine deficiency disorders control programme. The programme is monitored by the deputy director health services situated in the directorate of health services, mumbai. Abstractiodine is an essential element to human health. Iodine is one of the essential elements required for normal human growth and development.
It may result in metabolic problems such as goiter, sometimes as an endemic goiter as well as cretinism due to untreated congenital hypothyroidism, which results in developmental delays and other health problems. Iodine deficiency disorder idd has been identified all over the world with rd of the world population exposed to the risk of idd. National iodine deficiency disorders control program niddcp estimation of iodine content in iodised salt by iodometric titration. National iodine deficiency disease control programme. In december 2014, the organization was renamed to iodine global network from international council for the control of iodine deficiency disorders global network. Medical research also shows that idd can result reduce a child s iq level by up to percent. Losses may vary among the forms of iodine used iodide vs. National iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp. Globally, a large percentage of the worlds population is affected by iodine deficiency disorders.
National iodine deficiency disorders control program. The iodine deficiency disorders endotext ncbi bookshelf. Special emphasis will be put on recent developments such as the role of iodine deficiency in the development of brain damage and mental retardation, assessment of the iodine status of a population and current worldwide epidemiological data, strategies for control and monitoring of the iodine deficiency. In 2002, the network for sustained elimination of iodine deficiency was launched at the special session for children. The prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders, eds. Its daily per capita requirement is 150 micrograms. Current status of iodine deficiency disorders idd and. International council for control of iodine deficiency disorders the international council for control of iodine deficiency disorders iccidd is a nonprofit, nongovernmental organization dedicated to sustained optimal iodine nutrition and the elimination of iodine deficiency throughout the world. Programs must take into account possible losses between point of manufacture or import and the consumers table. Assessment of iodine deficiency disorders and monitoring their. Harmonization of national iodine studies to produce a valid.
The government is implementing national iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp formerly known as the national goiter control programme ngcp since 1962. National iodine deficiency disorders control program niddcp. National iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp introduction. Promoting restricted salt consumption and the increasing use of milkfree dairy. In the united states, iodine deficiency disorders idd such as goiter, cretinism, stillbirth, spontaneous abortion, and retarded physical and intellectual development have been virtually eliminated through the iodization of salt. Iodine is required for the synthesis of the thyroid hormones, thyroxine t4 and triiodothyronine t3 and essential for the normal growth and development and well being of all humans. National iodine deficiency disorders control progr. It is required at 100150 micrograms daily for normal human growth and development. Can africa meet the goal of eliminating iodinedeficiency. When severe iodine deficiency occurs during pregnancy, it is associated with fetal hypothyroidism, mental impairment, and. Iodine deficiency disorder idd control programme in india. Deficiency of nutritional iodine in the food diet is called as iodine deficiency disorders.
Norway and sweden have made these three countries goitre free in spite of. Kohima village declared first noniodized salt free village. Iodine is an essential micronutrient required daily at 100150 micrograms for normal human growth and development. National iodine deficiency disorders control programme introduction iodine is required for the synthesis of the thyroid hormones, thyroxine t4 and triiodothyronine t3 and essential for the normal growth and development and well being of all humans. Niddcp national iodine deficiency disorders control.
Deficiency of iodine in the diet may result in the development of goiter and other iodine deficiency disorders idd including physical and mental retardation and endemic cretinism. All people residing in endemic and non endemic areas for idd. National iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp i odine deficiency disorders is a term given to a group of diseases caused due to nutritional iodine deficiency. Deficiency of iodine can cause physical and mental retardation, cretinism, abortions, stillbirth.
Reduce the prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders below 10 percent in the entire country by 2012 a. Guidelines respond to the alarming prevalence of iodine deficiency disorders in this part of the world, despite the. The national goitre control programme ngcp was one of the earliest. Karmarkar the national medical journal of india 2014. Iodine deficiency is a lack of the trace element iodine, an essential nutrient in the diet. Products health e stats iodine levels in the united. Iodine deficiency disorders idd control in india article pdf available in the indian journal of medical research 83. The prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders unscn. The goal in the prevention of idds is universal salt iodization usi. Volume 23 number 1 february 2007 international council for control of iodine deficiency disorders the international council for control of iodine deficiency disorders icciddis a nonprofit, nongovernmental organization dedicated to sustained optimal iodine nutrition and the elimination of iodine deficiency throughout the world. In 2012, the two organizations combined to form ign. When left untreated, iodine deficiency can lead to severe hypothyroidism. The programme also trains salt producers on effective ways of iodising salt.
How is national iodine deficiency disorders control program india abbreviated. How do we improve the impact of iodine deficiency disorders. Iodine deficiency is an important global health issue, especially for fertile and pregnant women. Who guidelines for a national programme for the control. To identify the problem districts through goitre surveys. The term iodine deficiency disorders refers to all of the consequences of iodine deficiency, which depend on its severity and the age of the affected subject. India, iodine deficiency disorders, iodized salt, national iodine deficiency disorders control programme, sustainable elimination introduction food and nutrition security at the individual and population levels is a fundamental right. Presents technical and practical guidelines that can help countries in the eastern mediterranean region develop national programmes for the control of iodine deficiency disorders.
Pdf iodine deficiency disorders idds constitute a significant public health problem globally. Action iodine deficiency disorders control programme. The important objectives and components of national iodine deficiency disorders control iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp are as follows. National iodine deficiency disorder control program niddcp the programme was initially called as goitre control programme and was renamed by govt. In august 1992, the national goitre control programme ngcp was renamed as national iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp with a view to emphasise wide spectrum disorders caused due to iodine deficiency. Similarly, monitoring and evaluation of idd prevention programmes. Iodinerich diets and iodinization of salt around the world has reduced the prevalence of endemic goiters. National iodine deficiency disorder control program, goi. In the united states, as well as around the world, the most vulnerable populations to the consequences of iodine deficiency are.
Control of iodine deficiency disorders who emro world health. Iodine deficiency disorders idd reflects the broad manifestations of iodine deficiency including the implications. This is done through enforcement of the public health amendment law 2012 act 851, which states that salts for human and animal cosumption must be iodised. Pdf iodine deficiency disorders among school children of. Total ban for selling non iodised salt for edible purposes is. Iodine deficiency disorders idds are a worldwide major public health problem. Sustainable elimination of iodine deficiency unicef. The national iodine deficiency disorder control programme is implemented in the state from 1991 and the state idd cell started functioning from 1.
The programme is being implemented in all the statesuts for entire population. Key words india iodine deficiency disorders iodized salt national iodine deficiency disorders control programme. Chennai sources stated that iodine deficiency disorders idd is a major public. National iodine deficiency disorders control programme. A communitybased, crosssectional study was conducted among 2,392 school children, aged 810 years, in malda district of west bengal, india, in january 2001 to assess their iodine status. Niddcp is defined as national iodine deficiency disorders control program india somewhat frequently. National iodine deficiency disorders control programme launch of national goitre control programme, 1962 objectives. Iodine deficiency may lead to goiter, still births, abortions. The national iodine deficiency disorders control programme niddcp is implemented in order to prevent, control and eliminate these disorders and to provide assistance to the states for setting up idd cell and idd monitoring laboratories for ensuring quality control of iodated salt and for monitoring urinary iodine excretion. An essential maternal and child health intervention chandrakant s. The principle is that iodine is liberated by adding sulphuric acid to a solution of iodised salt. Deficiency of iodine can cause physical and mental retardation, cretinism, abortion, still birth, deaf mutism, squint besides goiter.
National iodine deficiency disorders control programme introduction. Biological impact assessment study on salt iodisation programme in ghana jirapa and bongo sentinel districts. In august 1992, national goiter control program ngcp was renamed the national iodine deficiency disorder control program niddcp with a view to cover a wide spectrum of iodine deficiency disorder like mental and physical retardation, deafmutism, cretinism, stillbirths, abortion etc. Tracking progress toward elimination of iodine deficiency disorders in jharkhand, india pdf. Vir unicef india country office, lucknow field office, lucknow, india. Assessment of iodine deficiency disorders and monitoring their elimination. International council for control of iodine deficiency disorders. This work is licensed under a creative commons attribution. Evolution of iodine deficiency disorders control program. Iodine deficiency disorders idds have been recognized as one of the major. To assess the impact of goitre control measures over a period of time.
Pdf iodine deficiency disorders idd control in india. Sustainable elimination of iodine deficiency disorders. This work is licensed under a creative commons attributionnoncommercialsharealike license. Iodine deficiency disorders with the exception of few are permanent and incurable. To promote consumption of iodised salt through various activities. National iodine deficiency disorder control programme. Eliminating iodine deficiency in china english abstract. Annex 6 guidelines to assess idd national programmes. Surveys to assess the magnitude of the iodine deficiency disorders. Control of iodine deficiency disorder iodine deficiency. Proceedings for the national workshop on iodine deficiency disorders in ghana. National iodine deficiency disorders control programme nhm.
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